A chronic disease is one lasting 3 months or longer. Vaccines or medications do not make them disappear. The leading chronic diseases include: arthritis, cardiovascular disease such as heart attacks and strokes, cancer, diabetes, oral health problems and obesity. They are more common as you get older - more than 85 percent of people over age 65 have at least one such disease.
Chronic diseases accounted for 5 of 6 leading causes of death in 2002 in the United States. According to one study, 75 percent of what is spent on health care is associated with patients that have one or more chronic conditions. Most of the reported growth in costs is due to obesity. Prolonged illness and disability associated with many chronic diseases also decreases the quality of life for countless numbers of people including older adults.
If you use tobacco, are physically inactive and don't eat well your risk for chronic disease is very high. 70 percent of the leading causes of chronic disease and death are lifestyle-linked: tobacco, alcohol, inactivity, diet, and stress - factors you can control! In New York State, 40% of people over age 65 have limitation due to arthritis; 23 % have cardiovascular disease; 19% have diabetes; 62% are overweight or obese; and, 35% get no physical activity.
have cardiovascular disease; 19% have diabetes; 62% are overweight or obese; and, 35% get no physical activity.
Much of the chronic disease burden is preventable and much of the cost is avoidable. Improving your lifestyle helps prevent or delay certain diseases. Start by looking at your personal behaviors and habits. Talk with your doctor before making any changes. If you use tobacco, find programs and services to help you stop. Limit your intake of alcohol. Increase your daily physical activity. Walk more -- walking is one of the best ways to improve your health.
Good nutrition influences the progress of many diseases and can shorten the length of hospital stays. Look at the type and amount of food you eat every day - reduce fats, sugar and salt, increase fruits, vegetable and whole grains (2005 Dietary Guidelines). And, reduce the size of the portions you eat. Don't eat big meals just before going to sleep.
Make sure vaccinations are current and get annual flu shots and a pneumonia shot. Use preventive screening services through Medicare and other health insurance coverage you have. If you're not feeling well, don't wait to see the doctor; early detection means early treatment.
